Criterion-based selection of technical means for welding a repair part to the coulter disk

A serviceable double-disc coulter, forming a dense and evenly embedded seedbed, ensures good germination and yield of grain crops. Significant abrasive diametral wear of the coulter discs during operation necessitates their frequent restoration. The study aimed to justify the selection of technical means for welding a repair part in the form of ring fragments, using coulter discs as an example. The selection of technical means for welding the repair part was based on a multi-criteria evaluation. The methodology employs a ranking comparison of characteristics and parameters, followed by a criterion-based condition of maximizing or minimizing indicators. The following criteria were considered: technical–economic criterion (the welding machine and welding type); technological criterion (the electrode grade); weld joint criterion (the electrode diameter); and strength criterion (the repair part material). The final evaluation was performed using a generalized integral criterion – the minimum distance to the goal – obtained through analysis of evaluation graphs of multi-criteria models. The authors examined four types of welding machines, seven electrode grades with diameters of 2.5, 3.0, 3.2, and 4.0 mm, and four steel types as the repair part material. Based on the calculations and the generalized integral criterion of minimum distance to the goal, the following technical means were selected: the welding machine Kedr VD-500.01 (μ_{₁_min} = 3.66); the electrode grade: UONI-13/45 (μ_{₂_min} = 4.19); the electrode diameter: 3.2 mm (μ_{₃_ min} = 3.87); and the repair part material: 30MnB5 steel (μ_{₄_min} = 4.00). The selected primary technical means, based on a heuristic multi-criteria evaluation of 23 indicators using the generalized integral criterion of distance to the goal, are recommended for implementation in the technological process of restoring coulter discs by welding repair parts in the form of ring fragments.

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