Study of a wide-level spring harrow with parallelogram suspension of the working section

Spring harrows have become widely used for surface tillage. A significant disadvantage of wide-level harrows is the unevenness of the loosening depth. The new design of the spring harrow with a parallelogram suspension of the working section copies the field microrelief to ensure a uniform loosening depth. The purpose of the study was to check the compliance with agrotechnical requirements of the spring harrow with a parallelogram suspension of the working section. To compile the mathematical model of the working section motion, use was made of the Lagrange equations. As a result, the authors determined the main adjustable technological parameters that affect the traction resistance and the depth of tillage. To verify the agrotechnical indicators, the authors designed a prototype of a spring harrow with the following adjustable parameters: the angle of the spring teeth (30°, 60° and 90°) and the force of the compensation spring unit (4, 6, and 8 kN). The wide-level spring harrow consisted of seven working sections with a width of three m and five rows of teeth with a pitch of 610 mm. The sections are attached to the longitudinal bracket of the frame by two pairs of rods at the front and rear of the frame. Field tests were conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Southern Urals. Soil type was ordinary chernozem and heavy loam. During the tests, the depth of tillage, traction resistance and force of the adjustment spring block were measured. The traction resistance of a spring harrow with a working width of 21 m ranged from 19 to 45 kN. The average soil ridge after harrowing amounted to 3.4 cm, which meets agrotechnical requirements. Experimental studies have proved that the proposed harrow design satisfies agrotechnical requirements: it provides good soil crumbling at a tillage depth of 2 to 10 cm, stability of operation, and uniformity of loosening depth.

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