Pre-experimental assessment of the influence of the approach angle of the working element of a harrow-hoe on the efficiency of impact on the soil

Soil hoeing is an effective and universal technique included in almost all modern crop production technologies. Improving the harrow-hoes is quite labor-intensive, long-term and costly, which indicates the prospects for modernization based on knowledge of the operating patterns of the units under consideration. The research goal is a pre-experimental study of the influence of the approach angle of the needle-type working element on the intensity of its impact on the soil. The article presents a methodology to calculate the complex factor of soil crumbling depending on the approach angle of working elements at values of 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 degrees. Based on the calculations carried out the authors assumed that under average initial operating conditions of harrow-hoes, an increase in the approach angle of the working elements leads to an increase in the total trace of the needle movement in the soil with an average intensity of about 0.6 cm³ /deg. In the meanwhile, the sheared soil shell volume per needle first increases by 1.1 to 2.3 cm³ /deg., as the approach angle reaches 24 deg., and then decreases with further increase in the angle. In general, an increase in the approach angle leads to a decrease in the complex criterion of soil crumbling by a needle at a speed of about 0.1 deg. ^–1. At the same time, the overall intensity of the impact on the soil increases to an approximate value of about 24 deg. as the approach angle goes on increasing. The proposed calculation method is approximate in nature, but its application helps identify some general patterns in the influence of the parameters of the disk’s working element on the performance indicators. They include afrontality, the diameter of needles, the depth of their penetration into the soil, the working element diameter, the unit speed, etc.

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