Intensified cleaning of parts immersed in a detergent solution

The quality of cleaning metal parts from contaminants depends on the physical and chemical properties of the washing medium and the intensity of the mechanical impact of the liquid on the surfaces subject to cleaning. Intensified cleaning of the parts is possible when there is an unsteady mode of a washing liquid flow, characterized by change of pressure and speed of a liquid in time and in each considered point of a surface subject to cleaning. In order to confirm the theoretical statement about the dependence of cleaning efficiency on the speed of the washing liquid flow, the authors made an experiment. They took a combined submerged washing machine using a combination of two hydromechanical methods of cleaning intensification. The parts subject to cleaning moved in the bath by means of the platform vibration. A helical blower provided the turbulent flow of the washing liquid relative to the object subject to cleaning. The authors used connecting rods of internal combustion engines as the objects to be cleaned. Their surfaces contained asphalt-resin contaminants, which were hard to remove. The cleaning process was studied in the aqueous solution of detergent Temp-100D with a concentration of 20 g/l at a temperature of 65 to 70°C. The cleaning lasted for 15 min. The quality of cleaning from contaminants was controlled by wettability of the cleaned surface with water. It was found that the intensity of cleaning, characterized by the liquid flow rate necessary for the detachment of dirt particles, depends on the vibration frequency of the platform holding the cleaned parts. Increasing the vibration frequency from 0.25 to 1.0 Hz leads to a three-fold increase in the flow rate of the cleaning solution, which provides an intensive removal of contaminants while increasing the quality of cleaning. When increasing the vibration frequency from 0 to 1.0 Hz, the cleaning efficiency increases in 2.5 times. The study results confirmed the theoretical supposition of the relationship between the cleaning efficiency and the washing liquid flow rate.

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