Modeling and identification of the Peltier element TEC1‑12706 for use in low-volume bioreactors of the artificial gastrointestinal tract of fish

The bioreactor of a static mini-model of the artificial gastrointestinal tract of fish will provide modeling of processes in the gastrointestinal tract of industrially grown fish (carp, trout, and sturgeon). The study aimed to determine the thermodynamic processes occurring in the bioreactor and the possibility of using the thermoelectric converter TEC1-12706 in the temperature control system of the bioreactor. The temperature in a bioreactor with a volume of up to 200 ml should vary from 45 to 14℃, the accuracy of maintaining the temperature is 0.1℃. As a result, a mathematical model was obtained with an adjustment according to the identified system parameters, which makes it possible to evaluate thermodynamic processes in the bioreactor, select hardware and create its general mathematical model. The parameters of the Peltier element were identified using a prototype layout measuring the temperature of the cold side of the converter, the hot radiator, the environment, the temperature of the liquid in the reactor, and the current consumed. The operation of the real system took place at an external temperature of 28.31℃; all physical drives were in the temperature equilibrium and under the same initial conditions. A comparison of temperature changes in the real system and the mathematical model obtained as a result of identifying the parameters of the Peltier element showed a non-perfect match of values, but the nature of the temperature change is identical. The following conclusions have been drawn: in the mathematical model, it is necessary to take into account additional drives and flows describing non-ideal conditions of experimental data, for example, thermal reflection of the working surface of the table and partial reflection of air flows. One third of the maximum converter power is sufficient to reduce the temperature of the filled bioreactor by 2 to 3℃. Thus, the thermoelectric converter TEC1-12706 can be used in an in vitro modeling system of the gastrointestinal tract of fish.

1. Verhoeckx K, Cotter P, López-Expósito I, et al. The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health: in vitro and ex vivo models [Internet]. Cham (CH): Springer; 2015. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500148/

2. Van de Wiele T., Van den Abbeele P., Ossieur W., Possemiers S., Marzorati M. The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®). The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health. Springer. Cham. 2015. Рp. 305-317. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16104-4_27

3. Donskoy D.Yu., Lukyanov A.D., Filipović V., Asten T.B. Mathematical Model of the pH control system in an in vitro model of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry. Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don). 2023;23(1):95-106. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2023-23-1-95-106

4. Mandalari G., Chessa S., Bisignano C., Chan L., Carughi A. The eff ect of sun-dried raisins (Vitis vinifera L.) on the in vitro composition of the gut microbiota. Food & Function. 2016;7(9):4048-4060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6FO01137C

5. Donskoy D., Katin O., Alekseenko L. Develop - ment and implementation of the GIT-modelling bioreactor system: the way to reducing a carbon footprint. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021;279:01030. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127901030

6. Lapshin V.P., Turkin I.A., Zakalyuzhniy A.A. Synthesis of management stabilizing operation modes of thermodynamic system. Science Intensive Technologies in Mechanical Engineering. 2019;3:43-48. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30987/article_5c7434fd136d59.56723792

7. LukyanovA., Donskoy D., Bykador V., Chuveyko M., Kasyanenko E. Simulation of thermodynamic systems with a thermoelectric converter based on the Peltier element for energy efficient management. E3S Web of Conferences. 2019;104:01001. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910401001

8. MaistrenkoA.V. Thermal calculation of structures. Advanced Engineering Research (Rostov-on-Don). 2021;21(3):260 267. (In Rus.) https://doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2021-21-3-260-267

9. Mao J., Du J., Wang S., Zhou J., Wang Y. The transient supercooling enhancement for a pulsed thermoelectric cooler (TEC). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. 2016. Paper 1773. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/1773

10. Snyder G.J., Soto M., Alley R., Koester D., Conner B. Hot spot cooling using embedded thermoelectric coolers. Twenty-Second Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement And Management Symposium, Dallas, TX, USA, 2006, pp. 135-143. https://doi.org/10.1109/STHERM.2006.1625219

11. PiggottA. Transient thermoelectric supercooling: Isosceles current pulses from a response surface perspective and the performance effects of pulse cooling a heat generating mass. 2015. Vol. 55 03. 130 p. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015PhDT……160P/abstract

12. Okawa K., Amagai Y., Fujiki H., Kaneko N. Reverse heat flow with Peltier-induced thermoinductive effect. Commun Phys. 2021;4:267. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-021-00772-4

13. Remeli M., Bakaruddin N., Shawal S., Husin H., Othman M., Singh B. Experimental study of a mini cooler by using Peltier thermoelectric cell. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020;788:012076. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/788/1/012076