NEW DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING WATER CIRCULATION SYSTEMS IN IRRIGATION

To obtain high and sustainable yields on reclaimed land, systematic application of mineral fertilizers is required to replace the nutrients removed with the crops. The most effective way to prevent the removal of elements of mineral nutrition outside the drained areas is the construction of water circulation systems. The paper considers two water circulating drainage-and-moistening systems protected by the Russian Federation patents for inventions. The first one is a drainage-and-moistening system, which includes closed drains associated with collectors equipped with drainage drain storage wells, to which fine sprinkler systems are connected. The second is a water circulation drainage-and-moistening system, which includes a drainage collector, a drainage well, drains, a set of vertical storage wells, non-diverging siphons and a pump. The proposed systems allow collecting and accumulating drainage water during the period of their excessive accumulation in the drained area in summer, and using accumulated water in the periods of a soil moisture deficit in the root zone to irrigate the soil be means a sub-irrigation method without constructing an additional irrigation network. It is noted that the described system of storage wells can serve as a water source for both the fine sprinkling system and the drip irrigation system, since the water accumulated in the storage wells does not contain biofits and large suspended particles and does not require cleaning with special filters. The use of new irrigation methods prevents not only the fertilizer removal with drainage water, but also supplies crops with moisture during short-term droughts.

вынос удобрений с дренажным стоком, водооборотные мелиоративные системы, мелкодисперсное дождевание на осушенных землях, внутрипочвенное орошение на осушенных землях, способы накопления дренажного стока, removal of fertilizers with drainage runoff, water-circulating reclamation systems, fine sprinkling on drained lands, internal soil irrigation on drained lands, methods of accumulating drainage runoff

1. Карпунин В.В. Удобрительное орошение: теория, технологии, технические средства / В.В. Карпунин [и др.]. Волгоград, 2003. С. 381.

2. Трифонов В.А. Охрана поверхностных вод от загрязнения при осушении пойменных земель // Гидротехника и мелиорация. 1983. № 12. С. 46-48.

3. Абашев В.Д. Вынос элементов питания с дренажным стоком из супесчаных почв // Гидротехника и мелиорация. 1992. № 7-8. С. 10-12.

4. Шевченко В.А. Перспективы производства растениеводческой продукции на мелиорированных землях Нечерноземной зоны России: Монография. М.: ФГБНУ «ВНИИГиМ им. А.Н. Костякова», 2017. С. 917.

5. Минаев И.В., Войтович А.М. Водооборотные системы в мелиорации // Гидротехника и мелиорация. 1986. № 6. С. 36-42.

6. Бородычев В.В. Мелкодисперсное дождевание картофеля // Гидротехника и мелиорация. 1976. № 6. С. 75-77.

7. Осушительно-увлажнительная система: патент РФ № 2628341, МПК Е02В 11/00 / В.К. Губин, М.Ю. Храбров, В.П. Максименко, Л.В. Кудрявцева, А.П. Соломина, Е.Б. Стрельбицкая, И.Н. Дорофеева; опубл. 16.08.2017.

8. Водооборотная осушительно-увлажнительная система: патент РФ №> 2655799, МПК Е 02 В11/00 / В.К. Губин; заявл. 31.08.2017, №> 2017130842; опубл. 29.05.2018.