LIVESTOCK PRODUCT MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIAN FOOD SECURITY SYSTEM

Abstract

The paper considers theoretical aspects of the development of the livestock production market in the Russian Federation for the period between 2013 and 2018. The author analyzes the development of pig and poultry farming in the country; presents and systematizes statistical materials on the formation of the domestic market for meat and meat products, as well as for milk and dairy products. State regulation measures to increase the volume and efficiency of livestock production and stabilize the Russian livestock market are proposed. Positive trends in the development of the market for meat and meat products are revealed: the output of meat and meat products increased by 31.9%, the import of meat and meat products decreased by 58.5%. In 2018, the share of imports of meat and meat products in the total resources amounted to 9.5%, which is lower than the target indicator of the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation set at 15%. The following features have been noted in the development of the market for milk and dairy products: production of milk and dairy products decreased by 2.9%, imports of milk and dairy products decreased by 12.4%, the share of imports of milk and dairy products in the total resources amounted to 17.5%, which significantly exceeds the target indicator of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation. Increasing the economic efficiency of milk production is possible due to an increase in gross milk yield, productivity, and reduction of material costs, labor and financial resources, as well as a new approach to the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism in the dairy-food sector, which allows increasing the competitiveness of products. Increasing the economic efficiency of meat production is possible due to the introduction of energy-saving technologies, strengthening the feed base, ensuring the balance of feed rations, improving breeding and selection work, and improving the organization of production.