TESTING A COMBINED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FOR DUST DEPARATION AND AIR DISINFECTION IN A POULTRY HOUSE

The problem of air pollution in agricultural premises leads to a decrease in the weight gain of animals and poultry, an increase in morbidity, as well as a deterioration in the sanitary working conditions. The air in poultry houses contains dust particles of various origins and sizes, as well as pathogens and harmful gases. Therefore, air purification in poultry premises must be approached comprehensively. An analysis of the air purification installations used in agricultural premises showed that these installations do not have a high efficiency of dedusting and disinfection at the same time. To solve this problem, the authors propose to use a combined electrical installation for air purification, which uses two electrotechnological methods of air purification – electrofiltration and ultraviolet radiation. Tests were carried out on two groups of 35 quail chicks in each group. The chicks were kept in a box according to the cage housing method. Concentration of dust particles in the air of the poultry house was determined with PC-GTA 0.3-002, air parameters and chemical composition – with Meteoscope-M, Testo 440 and H-320 gas analyser. Measurements were taken after 3 hours of operation in the center of the room at a height of 1 m above the floor. The reliability of the results was confirmed by multiple repetitions of studies and reproducibility of the obtained data, the use of conventional methods, devices and mathematical processing of the results. The relationships between the concentration of dust particles, quantity of gas components, and the operating time of the combined electric air-cleaning unit were studied, the effect of air sanitation on the living weight of poultry was determined. It was experimentally established that the use of the hybrid electrical installation in a box with quail chicks led to a decrease in the bactericidal contamination of the room by 59%, the concentration of carbon dioxide by almost 4% and ammonia by 45% as compared with the control box. The use of the proposed installation increased the gain in the live weight of chicken by 20.3% on day 28.

1. Майорова Т.Л., Мусиев Д.Г., Абдурагимова Р.М., Гуна-шев Ш.А., Азаев Г.Х., Джабарова Г.А. Использование бактерицидной установки для улучшения экологической ситуации на птицеферме // Юг России: экология, развитие. 2016. Т. 11. № 3. С. 193-201.

2. Lysakov A., Nikitenko G., Grinchenko V, Avdeeva V Calculation of electrostatic precipitator parameters for large poultry enterprise. Engineering for Rural Development. 19th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development, ERD2020, Jelgava 20-22 May 2020, 2020; 19: 1157-1161.

3. Lysakov A., Nikitenko G., Konoplev E., Grinchenko V Method to increase cleaning degree of electrostatic air cleaner. 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development, ERD, 23-25 May 2018, Jelgava. 2018; 17: 554-559.

4. Cherkasova N.G., Chepelev N.I. Improving the technology of dust deposition from the air of livestock premises using an electrostatic precipitator. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. "International Science and Technology Conference "Earth Science" - Chapter 1", 2021: 022006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/666/2/022006

5. Селезнева Д.М. Экспериментальное исследование комбинированной электроустановки для очистки воздушной среды сельскохозяйственных помещений // Всероссийская с международным участием научная конференция молодых учёных и специалистов, посвящённая 155-летию со дня рождения Н.Н. Худякова: Материалы Всероссийской с международным участием научной конференции молодых учёных и специалистов, посвящённой 155-летию со дня рождения Н.Н. Худякова. М.: РГАУ-МСХА им. К.А. Тими-рязева, 2021. С. 219-222.

6. Юферев Л.Ю., Селезнева Д.М., Овсянникова Е.А. Обеззараживание и обеспыливание воздуха в помещениях на основе электрофильтра // Сельский механизатор. 2020. № 4. C. 20-21.

7. Овсянникова Е.А., Сторчевой В.Ф., Кабдин Н.Е., Занфирова Л.В. Определение основных параметров и режимов работы комбинированного облучателя-озонатора воздуха в животноводческих помещениях // Агротехника и энергообеспечение. 2021. № 4 (33). С. 22-29.

8. Кривопишин И.П. Озон в промышленном птицеводстве. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Росагропромиздат, 1988. 175 с.

9. Котельников С.Н. Основные механизмы взаимодействия озона живыми системами и особенности проблемы приземного озона для России // Труды ИОФАН. 2015. Т. 71. С. 10-41.