RESEARCH RESULTS ON DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL PARAMETERS OF THE WORKING TOOL FOR SHALLOW TILLAGE

At present, shallow tillage plays a leading role in the technological process of cultivating agricultural crops, as it is one of the key operations in soil preparing for sowing. To establish the optimal parameters of the working tool for shallow tillage, the authors designed the tool capable of using various main operating elements (a flat hoe and a post lining). The main criterion for optimizing the parameters of the working tool was the traction resistance. Experimental studies were carried out in the field conditions. The optimal operating parameters of the working tools for shallow tillage were determined against the stubble background of winter wheat after its disc plowing in one track. The experimental research methodology included planning a multi-factorial experiment. The main changing factors included: the share opening angle of the flat hoe of the working tool; the sharpening angle of the working tool post and the soil cultivation depth by the working tool. Based on data processing and analysis, the authors obtained a regression equation, which helps calculate the traction resistance depending on the specified parameters of the working tool and the soil cultivation depth. As a result of experimental studies, the optimal parameters of the working tool were determined: the share opening angle of the flat hoe g = 104°, as well as the sharpening angle of the working tool post f = 50°. At a tillage speed of 8.20 km/h, the minimum traction forces generated by a single working tool with an operating width of 0.5 m at the depth of 8 cm is 1.902 kN, at 12 cm - 2.482 kN and at 16 cm - 4.758 kN. The data obtained can be used in the design of working tools and agricultural machines for shallow soil cultivation.

1. Moeenifar A., Mousavi-Seyedi S.R., Kalantari D. Influence of tillage depth, penetration angle and forward speed on the soil/thin-blade interaction force. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 2014; 16 (1): 69-74.

2. Ranjbarian S., Askari M., Jannatkhah J. Performance of tractor and tillage implements in clay soil. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 2017; 16 (2): 154-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2015.05.003

3. Askari M., Khalifahamzehghasem S. Draft force inputs for primary and secondary tillage implements in a clay loam soil. World Applied Sciences Journal, 2013; 21 (12): 1789-1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.21.12.25

4. Akbarnia A., Mohammadi A., Farhani F. et all. Simulation of draft force of winged share tillage tool using artificial neural network model. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 2014; 16 (4): 57-65.

5. Okoko P., Ajav E.A., Olosunde W.A. Draft and power requirements for some tillage implements operating in clay loam soil. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 2018; 20 (1): 95-102.

6. Shahgholi G., Kanyawi N., Kalantari D. Modeling the Effects of Narrow Blade Geometry on Soil Failure Draught and Vertical Forces Using Discrete Element Method. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019; 29 (1): 24-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.429950

7. Al-Suhaibani S.A., Al-Janobi A.A., Al-Majhadi Y.N. Development and evaluation of tractors and tillage implements instrumentation system. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2010; 3 (2): 363-371. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2010.363.371

8. Василенко В.В., Василенко С.В., Борзило В.С. Зона рыхления почвы культиваторной лапой // Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии. 2018. Т. 12. № 4. С. 48-52. https://doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-4-48-52

9. Сыромятников Ю.Н. Показатели качества работы почвообрабатывающей рыхлительно-сепарирующей машины // Сельскохозяйственные машины и технологии. 2018. Т. 12. № 3. С. 38-44. https://doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-3-38-44

10. Волик Б.А., Лепеть G.I., Коновий А.В. Метод ддро-динамчних аналогий в систем! модельних дослцгженьг грунтообробних машин // 1нженер1я природокористування. 2018. № 2 (10). С. 45-48.

11. Божко И.В., Пархоменко Г.Г., Громаков А.В., Мак-сименко В.А., Камбулов С.И. Экспериментальная установка для исследования почвообрабатывающих рабочих органов // Тракторы и сельхозмашины. 2017. № 6. С. 37-42.