TRENDS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF TECHINICAL MEANS AND THE REPLACEABILITY OF TECHNOLOGICAL MODES OF PRODUCTION

The development of technical means of production contributes to the improvement of technological modes of the economy. To establish trends of updating technical means and form technological modes of the country’s economy, and their interrelation and interdependence, the author has identified and characterized key periods of formation and development of technology, identified key factors of formation and improvement of the technological modes of production, and advanced technical and technological development trends of modern production. It has been established that the acceleration of scientific and technological progress under modern conditions is accompanied by the implementation of scientific achievements in the vital activity of society in the process of the gradual transfer of individual human functions and complex production operations to technical means, transformation of technologies and machinery. Ultimately, machinery is transformed into a machine system. The perfection of the machine system as a whole and coordinated change of each link provide for automation and digitalization of production at the qualitatively new technical and technological level, realizing progressive, innovative methods of organization and management of production. The evolution of technology stimulates the activities of the scientific community in the technical and technological segment, and promotes the formation of new technological modes in the national economy. It has been determined that in the process of the historical improvement of production, innovative technical means and technologies become the “driver” of the emergence of new technological modes. A change in the technological mode results from technological progress, accompanied by radical changes in the development of productive forces, renewal of the workforce with competences that meet the requirements of the new technological mode. The country’s transition to the sixth technological mode will ensure the rapid development of all spheres of social production, and at the same time will increase the profitability and competitive advantages of domestic agricultural production.

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