USE OF THE SELECTIVE TRANSFER MECHANISM IN MOVABLE COUPLINGS USED IN POWER TRANSMISSIONS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES

Searching for new eff ective ways of increasing the wear resistance of power transmissions and improving their durability, the authors propose a device for enriching the lubrication system of power transmissions with copper-alloying elements. The tribochemical processes have been studied and the components of the lubricating composition have been selected to provide for the self-organized selective transfer in the “steel-steel” friction couples accompanied by the formation of a servovit fi lm. The authors developed a utility model for enriching the lubricating system oil with copper-alloying elements for power transmission. For testing the eff ectiveness of the proposed additive and the method of forming the servovit fi lm during operation, a roller test bench was used. It provided for synchronous measurement of the wear rate and the friction force moment during the whole experiment without disconnecting the friction zone. The friction zone (test contact) was formed by the cyclic surfaces of a roller with a diameter of 70.0 ± 0.1 mm made of steel 45 (HRs 50) and a homogenized pad with a radius of 35.0 ± 0.1 mm and dimensions (plan view) of 2.01 mm (along the sliding line) and 7.27 mm (across the sliding line). The friction area was 0.1461 cm2 . A set of normal forces: 730; 925; and 1130 N – was experimentally determined to ensure that there was no seizure. The shaft speed of 100 min-1 (a linear velocity of 0.37 m) was experimentally chosen under the condition of guaranteed absence of the hydrodynamic lubrication mode. The presented method of cladding additive production is easily implemented in the transmission units and also prevents the sedimentary instability of the lubricating composition. The device for enriching the lubricating system oil with copper alloying elements in the process of operation provides for a stable and self-organized mode of selective transfer. The results of tribological studies have shown the high effi ciency of the cladding additive – the wear rate in the range of the normal force of 720 to 1130 N has reduced in 2.8…7 times.

1. Safonov V.V., Azarov A.S. Tribologicheskiye svoystva modifikatsiy plastichnykh smazok [Tribological properties of plastic lubricant modifications]. Mekhatronika, avtomatika i robototekhnika, 2019; 4: 39-41. (In Rus.)

2. Matveev V.V., Lenivtsev G.A. Sovershenstvovanie rezhima smazki kak faktor povysheniya nadezhnosti traktornykh transmissiy i uvelicheniya srokov sluzhby transmissionnogo masla [Improving the lubrication mode as a factor to improve the reliability of tractor transmissions and increase the service life of transmission oil]. Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologicheskikh protsessov ochistki i ispol'zovaniya masel v sel'skom khozyaystve: Sb. nauch. tr. Ul'yanovsk, Ul'yanovskiy SKHI, 1987: 5-15. (In Rus.)

3. Smazochnye materialy: Antifriktsionnye i protivoiznosnye svoystva. Metody ispytaniy: Spravochnik [Lubricants: Antifriction and antiwear properties. Test methods: Handbook]. R.M. Matveevskiy, VL. Lashkha, I.A. Buyanovskiy et al. Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 1989. 224 p. (In Rus.)

4. Erokhin M.N., Strel'tsov VV. Resursosberegayushchie tribotekhnologii dlya snizheniya iznosa poverkhnostey treniya detaley [Resource-saving tribotechnologies for wear reduction of friction surfaces of parts]. Sbornik trudov Transtribo. PerviyMezhdunarodniy simpoziumpo transportnoy tribotekhnike. SPb, 2001: 27-29. (In Rus.)

5. Garkunov D.N., Lozovskiy V.N. Sposob pridaniya poverkhnosti metallov trushchikhsya par protivozadirnykh svoystv [Method of imparting of antiseize properties to the metal surface of rubbing pairs]. A.C.No. 115744 USSR. (In Rus.)

6. Balabanov V.I., Bystrov V.N. Ustroystvo dlya friktsionnomekhanicheskogo naneseniya pokrytiy: a.s. SU1834913 [Device for friction-mechanical coating deposition: A.C. 1834913, 1993. (In Rus.)

7. Barchan G.P., Chigarenko G.G., Ponomarenko A.G. Bolotnikov V.S. Vliyanie reaktsiy kompleksoobrazovaniya na smazochnye svoystva kompozitsiy [Effect of complex formation reactions on lubrication properties of compositions]. Trenie i iznos v mashinostroenii. Chelyabinsk, ChPI, 1980; 16-24. (In Rus.)

8. Barchan G.P., Chigarenko G.G., Ponomarenko A.G. Vliyanie stroyeniya slozhnykh efirov na protsess izbiratel'nogo perenosa [Effect of esters structure on selective transfer process]. Khimiya i tekhnologiya topliv i masel, 1979; 7: 36-39. (In Rus.)

9. Barchan G.P., Chigarenko G.G., Ponomarenko A.G. et al. Radikal'nye protsessy pri trenii v srede slozhnykh efirov [Radical processes in friction in complex esters] Trenie i iznos, 1983; 4; 2: 194-201. (In Rus.)

10. Gaidar S.M., Naji Najm A.F., Konoplev V.E., Sudnik Yu.A., Pikina A.M. Ustroystvo dlya obogashcheniya masla sistemy smazki legiruyushchim elementom tsvetnogo metalla [Device for enriching the lubricating system oil with the alloying element of the base metal]: Utility patent 206682 U1, 2021.

11. Orgel L. Vvedenie v khimiyu perekhodnykh metallov [Introduction to the Chemistry of Transition Metals] / Ed. by M.E. Dyatkina, PhD (Chem). M., Izd-vo MIR, 1964. 210 p. (In Rus.)

12. Litvinov V.N., Mikhin N.M., Myshkin N.K. Fiziko-khimicheskaya teoriya izbiratel'nogo perenosa pri trenii [Physical and chemical theory of selective transfer in friction]. Moscow, Nauka, 1979. 187 p. (In Rus.)

13. Ebeling V. Obrazovanie struktur pri neobratimykh protsessakh [Structure Formation in Irreversible Processes]: Translated from English. Moscow, Mir, 1979. 280 p. (In Rus.)

14. Karelina M.Yu., Gaidar S.M. Issledovanie effektivnosti tribotekhnicheskikh preparatov na osnove nanomaterialov [Research of efficiency of tribotechnical preparations based on nanomaterials]. Gruzovik, 2015; 4: 17-29. (In Rus.)

15. Gaidar S.M., Karelina M.Yu., Petrovskaya E.A., Ziyatdinov E.A. Povyshenie iznosostoykosti uzlov treniya [Increasing the wear resistance of friction units]. Trudy GOSNITI, 2016; 122: 4047. (In Rus.)

16. Bagotsky V.S. Osnovy elektrokhimii [Fundamentals of Electrochemistry]. Moscow, Khimiya, 1988. 400 p. (In Rus.)