Device for monitoring the air intake system and diagnostic parameters of agricultural machinery engines

Contamination of an air filter used in the diesel engine critically compromises its power and fuel efficiency, simultaneously degrading operator working conditions and environmental safety. This research aimed to develop a device for real-time monitoring of the technical condition of air filtration systems and the diagnostic parameters of the internal combustion engine (ICE). Built upon an ATmega2560 microcontroller, the experimental device integrates an XGZP6847A vacuum sensor in the ICE intake manifold, a QDW90A crankcase gas pressure sensor, a TENSTAR ROBOT E18-D80NK crankshaft speed sensor, a TZT MAX6675 exhaust gas temperature sensor, an ICE coolant temperature sensor, and a DS18B20 ambient air temperature sensor. The authors developed a software product to process data acquired from these sensors, related to the air system’s status, and display the processed and analyzed results on the device screen. The microcontroller-based software algorithm boasts an execution speed of no more than 0.05 seconds. The developed prototype facilitates immediate operational assessment of the current state of the air filtration system and enables comprehensive evaluation of the overall operational performance of the diesel engine. The device display provides clear indications during ICE monitoring, including: clean filter; permissible contamination; critical contamination; emergency condition; air filtration system depressurization; and low ICE power. Crucially, this device will serve as a foundational data source for an intelligent system of assessing technical condition by leveraging neural networks, thereby enabling optimized operation and maintenance scheduling.

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