Mathematical modeling of the operation of a cone-type seeding unit of a crop breeding seeder

When sowing cereals and leguminous crops at the 2nd and 3rd stages of the crop breeding process, use is made of a cone-type batch seeding unit. In order to coordinate the seeder movement on the plot and the operation of the cone-type seeding unit, it is necessary to establish the relationship between the seeding unit parameters and the parameters of crop breeding sowing. To establish this relationship with the use of physical and mathematical tools, they authors studied the operating parameters of the cone-type seeding unit of the crop breeding seeder for the 2nd and 3rd technological stages using the parameters of sowing grain and leguminous crops on the plot. They have obtained the formula of functional dependency of the angular rotation speed of the cone-type seeding unit on the operating speed of the seeder and the length of the plot, as well as the formula for finding the linear speed of the bypass belt of the conetype seeding unit. The calculations have shown that for the planter SKS-6-10 at the 2nd technological stage on the plot with a length of 1 to 5 m and the working speed of the seeder from 1.0 to 2.0 km/h, the angular rotation speed of the conetype seeding unit varies between 0.35 and 3.49 s^-3. For the 3rd technological stage on the plot with a length between 2 and 20 m and the working speed of the seeder between 1.0 and 3.0 km/h, this indicator ranges between 0.09 and 2.62 s^-1. Cone-type seeding units of Wintersteiger AG planters have proved to have the linear speed of the bypass belt movement ranging between 0.025 to 0.25 m/s for the 2nd technological stage on the plot with a length between 1 and 5 m and working speed of the seeder between 1.0 and 2.0 km/h. For the 3rd technological stage on the plot with a length between 2 and 20 m and a working speed of the planter between 1.0 and 3.0 km/h, the speed ranges between 0.013 and 0.38 m/s. The presented mathematical models can be used in designing a crop breeding seeder with a cone-type seeding unit, equipped with electronic control and seeding control, as well as a navigation system to improve the quality of sowing.

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