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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agroengineering</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Агроинженерия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Engineering (Moscow)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-1149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1130</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГАУ-МСХА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2687-1149-2024-4-4-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agroengineering-859</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ АПК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FARM MACHINERY AND TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Энергия разрушения почвенных комков сепарирующим рабочим органом в зависимости от физико-механических свойств почвы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Energy of soil clod crushing with a separating working tool, depending on physical and mechanical properties of the soil</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-3843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорохов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorokhov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Семёнович Дорохов, д-р техн. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, академик РАН</p><p>109428, г. Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei S. Dorokhov, Full Member of the RussianAcademy of Sciences, DSc (Eng), Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dorokhov@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-0950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохин</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhin</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Никитьевич Ерохин, д-р техн. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p><p>127434, г. Москва, Тимирязевская ул., 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail N. Erokhin, Full Member of the RussianAcademy of Sciences, DSc (Eng), Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">er.mihn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9442-2276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сибирёв</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sibirev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Викторович Сибирёв, д-р техн. наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>109428, г. Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei V. Sibirev, DSc (Eng), Chief Research Engineer</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sibirev2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5151-7312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосяков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosyakov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Александрович Мосяков, канд. техн. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>109428, г. Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim А. Mosyakov, CSc (Eng)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maks.mosyakov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дорохов А.С., Ерохин М.Н., Сибирёв А.В., Мосяков М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дорохов А.С., Ерохин М.Н., Сибирёв А.В., Мосяков М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dorokhov A.S., Erokhin M.N., Sibirev A.V., Mosyakov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agroengineering.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/859">https://agroengineering.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/859</self-uri><abstract><p>Для снижения содержания почвенных примесей и повреждений клубней картофеля при уборке необходимо исследовать состав разделяемой смеси клубненосного вороха товарной продукции и определить энергию разрушения почвенных комков. С целью выявления закономерностей физико-механических свойств комков почвы при взаимодействии с сепарирующим рабочим органом экспериментально исследовали разрушение почвенного комка. Энергия разрушения почвенных комков выщелоченного чернозема плотностью в интервале от 1300 до 1700 кг/м³ определялась на образцах размером 5 см при влажности почвы 10…30%. На лабораторной установке, включающей в себя сепарирующий прутковый элеватор, исследовалось влияние воздействия полотна (частоты встряхивания интенсификаторов сепарации) на количество образованных почвенных фракций размером 5 см. Выяснили, что материальный баланс для сепарирующих устройств картофелеуборочного комбайна первичной и вторичной очистки определяется массовой подачей клубненосной массы на сепарирующий орган и количеством массы, сходящей с сепарирующего органа. Количество удаляемой с сепарирующего органа массы является стационарной функцией частоты колебаний пруткового элеватора и количества находящегося на нем продукта. Разработана методика исследований по определению энергии разрушения почвенных комков с подготовкой пробы почвы. Проведены экспериментальные исследования по определению энергии разрушения почвенного пласта при взаимодействии с абсолютно твердым телом. Установлено, что при увеличении влажности почвы с 10 до 30% энергия разрушения комков возрастает в диапазоне 6249,18…10118,5 Дж/м3. При влажности почвы более 25% пропорционально повышается до 60,2 см максимальная высота разрушения почвенного комка. Установлена эмпирическая зависимость определения энергии разрушения частицы почвы при варьировании влажности. Результаты исследований позволяют на основе показателя влажности почвы подбирать оптимальную частоту колебаний пруткового элеватора и обеспечивать высокое качество сепарации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To reduce the content of soil impurities and minimize damage to potato tubers during harvesting, it is necessary to study the composition of the separated pile of market tubers and determine the energy of soil clod crushing. In order to identify the regularities of physical and mechanical properties of soil clods interacting with the separating working tool, the authors experimentally studied the crushing of soil clods. The crushing energy of leached chernozem soil clods with a density between 1300 and 1700 kg/m³ was determined for samples of 5 cm in size at a soil moisture of 10 to 30%. The authors used a laboratory installation with a separating rod elevator to determine the influence of the apron (the shaking frequency of the separation intensifiers) on the amount of 5-cm soil fractions formed. It was experimentally found that the material balance for separating units of potato harvesters of primary and secondary cleaning is determined by the mass of tubers fed to the separating tool and the amount of mass removed from the separating tool. The amount of mass removed from the separating tool is a stationary function of the vibration frequency of the bar elevator and the amount of product on it. The authors have developed a research methodology to determine the energy of soil clod crushing using soil sample preparation. The authors have conducted experimental studies to determine soil clod crushing energy when interacting with an absolutely solid body. It has been found that an increase in soil moisture from 10 to 30% results in an increase in the energy of soil clod crushing of 6249.18 to 10118.5 J/m3. When the soil moisture exceeds 25%, the maximum height of soil clod crushing increases proportionally up to 60.2 cm. The empirical dependence of soil clod crushing energy on the varying moisture content has been established. The research results are useful for selecting the optimal vibration frequency of the bar elevator, based on the soil moisture index, and for achieving high quality of separation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почвенные комки</kwd><kwd>влажность</kwd><kwd>энергия разрушения почвенных комков</kwd><kwd>сепарирующий орган</kwd><kwd>компонент</kwd><kwd>сепарация клубней картофеля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soil clods</kwd><kwd>moisture</kwd><kwd>soil clod breaking energy</kwd><kwd>separating body</kwd><kwd>component</kwd><kwd>potato tuber separation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда конкурса 2022 г. «Проведение исследований научными коллективами под руководством молодых ученых» Президентской программы научных проектов, реализуемых ведущими учеными, в том числе молодых ученых, № 22 76 10002.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation of the 2022 contest “Conducting research by scientific groups led by young scientists” of the Presidential Program of research projects implemented by lead researchers, including young scientists No. 22 76 10002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dorokhov A.S., Sibirev A.V., Aksenov A.G. 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