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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agroengineering</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Агроинженерия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Engineering (Moscow)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-1149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1130</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГАУ-МСХА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2687-1149-2024-3-73-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agroengineering-833</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРИФИКАЦИЯ И АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER SUPPLY AND AUTOMATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тепловой насос и солнечная панель: эксергетический метод термодинамического анализа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Heat pump and solar panel: exergy method of thermodynamic analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-6661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кускарбекова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuskarbekova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сулпан Ириковна Кускарбекова</p><p>454080, г. Челябинск, пр-кт Ленина, 76</p><p>Scopus ID: 57212311063</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sulpan I. Kuskarbekova</p><p>454080, Chelyabinsk, Lenina Ave, 76</p><p>Scopus ID: 57212311063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuskarbekovasi@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3626-3799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>A. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Ершов</p><p>454080, г. Челябинск, пр-кт Ленина, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Ershov</p><p>454080, Chelyabinsk, Lenina Ave, 76</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sanyayershov2000@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнякова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornyakova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнякова Ольга Юрьевна</p><p>454080, г. Челябинск, пр-кт Ленина, 76</p><p>AuthorID: 1214227</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Kornyakova</p><p>454080, Chelyabinsk, Lenina Ave, 76</p><p>AuthorID: 1214227</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korniakovaoi@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0791-2980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осинцев</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osintsev</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Владимирович Осинцев</p><p>454080, г. Челябинск, пр-кт Ленина, 76</p><p>Scopus ID: 8838619800</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Osintsev</p><p>454080, Chelyabinsk, Lenina Ave, 76</p><p>Scopus ID: 8838619800</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">osintcevkv@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">South Ural State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кускарбекова С.И., Ершов A.А., Корнякова О.Ю., Осинцев К.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кускарбекова С.И., Ершов A.А., Корнякова О.Ю., Осинцев К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuskarbekova S.I., Ershov A.A., Kornyakova O.Y., Osintsev K.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agroengineering.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/833">https://agroengineering.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/833</self-uri><abstract><p>Эксергетический анализ проектируемой системы необходим для определения степени ее термодинамического совершенства. С целью оценки эффективности технологического процесса на примере повышения КПД установки на экспериментальном стенде теплового насоса, предназначенном для исследования процесса отбора тепла с тыльной поверхности солнечной панели, и преобразовании ее в полезную произведен анализ двух методов: подбор холодильного агента и анализ внешних источников. Анализ методов позволил сравнить эксергетический КПД модернизированной установки, включающей в себя тепловой насос и солнечную панель в качестве дополнительного низкопотенциального источника теплоты с лабораторной установкой теплового насоса до модернизации. Произведены эксергетический расчет, подбор жидкости, анализ внешних источников. Выявлено, что наиболее эффективным методом оценки эксергетического КПД новых технических решений является метод анализа источников внешних источников. Расчетами установлено, что энергоэффективная схема работы теплового насоса совместно с солнечной панелью приводит к наивысшему коэффициенту полезного действия, равному 23,4%. Однако данное значение достигается при большом количестве солнечного света, температуре воздуха порядка 25 ℃ и перпендикулярном падении солнечных лучей на панель. Эксергия электроэнергии, потребляемой электродвигателем, по сравнению с тепловым насосом до модернизации снижена на 8,92 кДж/кг, а эксергетический КПД модернизированной установки вырос на 7,5%, что доказывает эффективность перенаправления электрической энергии на питание компрессора. Установка солнечной панели и теплового насоса приведет к улучшению экологической ситуации и экономии денежных средств в связи с отсутствием затрат на топливо.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Exergy analysis of the designed system is necessary to determine the degree of its thermodynamic perfection. The research goal was to evaluate the degree of increasing the efficiency of an installation on an experimental bench heat pump designed to study heat extraction from the back surface of a solar panel and its conversion into useful work. Two methods were analyzed – selection of a refrigerant and analysis of external sources. The analysis of the methods was used to compare the exergy efficiency of a modernized installation, including a heat pump and a solar panel as an additional low-grade heat source, with a laboratory heat pump installation before modernization. The authors performed exergy calculation, fluid selection, and analysis of external sources. It was revealed that the most effective method for assessing the exergy efficiency of new technical solutions is the method of analyzing the external sources. Calculations have established that the energy-efficient operation scheme of a heat pump together with a solar panel leads to the highest efficiency of 23.4%. However, this value is achieved with a large amount of sunlight, an air temperature of about 25℃ and a perpendicular incidence of sunlight on the panel. The exergy of electricity consumed by the electric motor compared to the heat pump before modernization was reduced by 8.92 kJ/kg, and the exergy efficiency of the modernized installation increased by 7.5%. The results prove the effectiveness of redirecting electrical energy to power the compressor. Installing a solar panel and heat pump will improve the environmental situation and save money due to the lack of fuel costs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тепловой насос</kwd><kwd>солнечная панель</kwd><kwd>эксергетический анализ</kwd><kwd>эксергия</kwd><kwd>подбор холодильного агента</kwd><kwd>анализ внешних источников</kwd><kwd>эксергетический КПД</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heat pump</kwd><kwd>solar panel</kwd><kwd>exergy analysis</kwd><kwd>exergy</kwd><kwd>selection of refrigerant</kwd><kwd>analysis of external sources</kwd><kwd>exergy efficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шоронов Д.В. Модернизация индивидуальных тепловых пунктов // Международный студенческий научный вестник. 2020. № 3. С. 15. EDN: YFDJVA</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shоronov D.V. Modernization of individual heat stations. 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