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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agroengineering</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Агроинженерия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Engineering (Moscow)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-1149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1130</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РГАУ-МСХА</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2687-1149-2025-2-21-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agroengineering-1002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ АПК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FARM MACHINERY AND TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка эксплуатационной точности пневматической сеялки на ферме Эритреи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of operational precision of a pneumatic seed drill used by farms in Eritrea</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медхн</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medhn</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Медхн Тесфит Асрат – аспирант.</p><p>127434, Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>AuthorID 1264463</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tesfit A. Medhn - postgraduate student.</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow,127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noahtesas@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-4448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левшин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levshin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Левшин Александр Григорьевич - д-р техн. наук, профессор.</p><p>127434, Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p><p>AuthorID 366502</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr G. Levshin - DSc (Eng), Professor.</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow,127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alevshin@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3336-0523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теклай</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teklay</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Теклай Симон Гебрехивет – магистрант.</p><p>Лас-Крусес, NM 88003-8001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simon G. Teklay - MSc student.</p><p>Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gtsimon1994@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Колледж сельского хозяйства, потребительских и экологических наук, Университет штата Нью-Мексико</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Медхн Т.А., Левшин А.Г., Теклай С.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Медхн Т.А., Левшин А.Г., Теклай С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Medhn T.A., Levshin A.G., Teklay S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agroengineering.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1002">https://agroengineering.timacad.ru/jour/article/view/1002</self-uri><abstract><p>Опыт использования современного посевного комплекса на базе сеялки Nardi Dora (DORA 600) на ферме Целот Республики Эритрея при посеве пшеницы показал большую вариацию характеристик, оценивающих точность движения агрегата: неравномерные расстояния между рядками, видимые зоны повторных посевов и зоны пропусков при посеве. Неточный высев приводит к образованию участков с повторным посевом и пропускам (незасеянной площади). При этом увеличиваются денежные затраты по причине перерасхода посевного материала и топлива, снижается производительность. Эти негативные явления стали причиной проведения исследований процесса посева и разработки рекомендаций по устранению недостатков. Исследования проведены с целью определения процента незасеянных и повторно засеянных площадей и оценки точности движения пневматической сеялки DORA 600 в сравнении с современными системами автоматизированного вождения. Эксперимент проведен в Эритрее на площади около 107 га, засеянной пшеницей. Проведена оценка точности посева по результатам отслеживания треков движения агрегата на мобильном телефоне с использованием приложения Locus GIS offline land survey, версия 1.17.0. По записи треков определены отклонения фактической рабочей ширины от требуемых значений. Произведено сравнение точности движения исследуемого агрегата с системой автовождения. Проведен анализ современных систем автовождения ведущих компаний Autopilot, Autopilot™, AutoTrac™, SteerCommand with GPS7500, AGI-4, GPS PILOT, Autosteer, Auto-Steer, F100 Auto Steer System и IntelliSteer™. По точности и универсальности управления выбран российский продукт Autopilot, обеспечивающий точность 1 см + 1 ppm. Определен рабочий диапазон скоростей – 10-12 км/ч, обеспечивающий допустимый интервал варьирования рабочей ширины захвата. Статистический анализ показал высокий уровень превосходства сеялок с GPS-наведением в сравнении с обычным посевным агрегатом. Авторы предложили применять в Эритрее передовые автоматизированные технологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of a contemporary sowing machinery unit – Nardi Dora (DORA 600) air drill for sowing wheat at the Tselot farm in Eritrea revealed a wide range of characteristics that trigger the assessment of the movement precision of the unit. They include uneven inter-row distances and visible over-seeded and skipped zones. Inaccurate seeding results in repeated and missed (unsown area) sowing patterns that lead to the rise of monetary expenses owing to the overconsumption of seed and fuel while lowering production. The study sought to assess the rate of repetition and rate of miss operations to evaluate the sowing precision of the Nardi Dora Air drill and compare it with the modern automated systems. The experiment was conducted in Eritrea on a wheat-sown area of around 107 ha. Sowing precision evaluation was based on the tracked routes on a mobile phone using the Locus GIS offline land survey application version 1.17.0. Deviations of the actual working width from the required values were determined from the track records. The movement precision of the unit was compared with the auto-driving systems of the modern driving systems: Autopilot, Autopilot™, AutoTrac™, SteerCommand with GPS7500, AGI-4, GPS PILOT, Autosteer, Auto-Steer, F100 Auto Steer System and IntelliSteer™. An operating speed range of 10-12 km/h provided an acceptable range of the working width. Statistical analysis showed a high level of superiority of GPS-guided seeders over the conventional sowing units. Consequently, the authors recommend using advanced automated technologies in Eritrea.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневматическая сеялка</kwd><kwd>повторный высев</kwd><kwd>незасеянная площадь</kwd><kwd>оценка точности посева</kwd><kwd>рабочая скорость</kwd><kwd>коэффициент рабочих ходов</kwd><kwd>статистический анализ</kwd><kwd>точность движения агрегата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pneumatic seed drill</kwd><kwd>resowing</kwd><kwd>unsown area</kwd><kwd>sowing precision assessment</kwd><kwd>working speed</kwd><kwd>run coefficient</kwd><kwd>statistical analysis</kwd><kwd>machinery movement precision</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shinners K.J. Engineering principles of silage harvesting equipment. Silage Science and Technology. 2003;42:361-403.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shinners K.J. 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